Conflict in south sudan pdf

Republic of sudan and the new republic of south sudanor north and south sudan, for claritythe two countries were again in a state of war. In 1983, after a decadelong pause in the sudanese civil war between the north and south, conflict broke out again. Life is characterised in the postcpa southern sudan by uneasy relationships between armed groups, idps, returnees and host communities. Facilitate local peace agreements as an d when appropriate between the tgonu, armed groups and armed youth, local communities and cattle keepers. The report builds upon the unmiss interim report on human rights, released on 21 february. In december 20, president kiir accused his former deputy riek machar and ten others of attempting a coup detat. External actors should push the adversaries to make progress on these matters before entering any powersharing arrangement lest war erupt once more. There are many causes for the conflict in south sudan, ranging from ethnic tensions, management of oil resources and the power struggle between president salva kiir and opposition leader dr.

Conflict between 19551976 and 19832005 between the colonially modernised arab north and the underdeveloped christian and animist south brought widespread civilian suffering. Conflict analysis and options for systemic conflict. The south sudanese civil war was a conflict in south sudan between forces of the government and opposition forces. This violent conflict ended with the signing of the agreement, according to which south sudan gained autonomy to administer its own affairs within the sudan state. South sudan did not make progress on establishing the. Republic of sudan and the new republic of south sudan or north and south sudan, for claritythe two countries were again in a state of war. South sudan humanitarian needs overview 2020 november. The citizens of the worlds newest nation voted1 with one voice in support of independence for a country that boasted vast natural wealth.

Candidate depaul university abstract although ethnicity is a contributing factor to the ongoing crisis in south sudan, particularly after the reescalation of violence in december of 20, the characterization of the. The conflict began in 2003 when rebels launched an insurrection to protest what they contended was the sudanese governments disregard for the western region and its nonarab population. South kordofan, darfur, the blue nile and khartoums countryside. The south sudan center for conflict resolution ssccr is an indigenous organisation which started in 2008 as an initiative to engage young people with ideas of peace, development and human rights for communities from the southern sudan region.

Pdf south sudan political crisis and sudan conflict. Sudanese conflict in south kordofan and blue nile wikipedia. A separate conflict that remained unresolved centred on the darfur region in western sudan. United nations mission in the republic of south sudan unmiss since the outbreak of the conflict on 15 december. On 5 june 2011, armed conflict broke out between the government of sudan and sudan peoples liberation movement northern sector in broader south kordofan state, ahead of the scheduled independence of the south on 9 july. Pdf south sudan struggle for independence, and its. There is little need to repeat yet again this rather long history. These conflicts have much to do with wartime prejudices of the various communities against.

September 12, 2018, of the revitalized agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan, which received tepid acknowledgement from the united states and europe. Ecc factbook conflict between lou nuer and murle in south. Only about 10 to 20% of the countrys revenue goes to the states and rural areas. South sudan s civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require the african unions intervention to find peace and. Solutions for moving beyond an ethnic conflict christa charbonneau kuntzelman, m. This paper is an excellent primer for humanitarians operating in south sudan and for those who wish to increase their. South sudan became the youngest nation in the world after splitting from the larger sudan to become the republic of south sudan in 2011. Badal, the rise and fall of separatism in southern sudan, african affairs 75, 301 1976, pp. Following independence from sudan in july 2011, a political crisis sparked fighting in the republic of south sudans capital, juba, in december 20 that quickly spread to other parts of the country, igniting civil war. South sudan humanitarian needs overview 2020 november 2019. To avoid further humanitarian crisis to armed actors. It is intended to summarize the key provisions of the rarcss 2018 for easy reading and understanding only. Learn more about the south sudan humanitarian crisis.

Sudan resources agricultural pastoral land, water local resource competition conflict summary the rivalry between the lou nuer and the murle remains one of the most violent. Revitalized agreement on the resolution of the conflict in the republic of south sudan rarcss 12 september 2018 this document has been produced for informational purposes. Since its independence in 2011, south sudan is battling a new civil war. Trt world a fresh ceasefire was announced this week by south sudans president salva kiir and vice president riek machar after five days of violence that claimed around 300 lives in capital juba the latest fighting broke out on the eve of july 9, which is the fifth anniversary of the countrys independence from sudan. The literature on conflict in south sudan published before independence tends to focus on the causes and dynamics of the second civil war 19832005 and post2005 local level conflicts, such as those between communities along the contested border between sudan and south sudan or intra. The exploitation of resources, once the source of warfare financing, became a warfare objective in itself ali et al. Rearranging the chess board, december 20, 2016 south sudans south.

Conflict factsheet conflict between lou nuer and murle in south sudan type of conflict sub intensity 4 conflict locality southern africa time 1944 ongoing countries s. In fact, the situation is even grave when it comes to south sudan where there is little recoded information about. The nexus of corruption and conflict in south sudan july 2015 4 context. Global south development magazines global development reporter mr. As its implementation faltered, violence between factions broke out again in july 2016, setting back the peace process once again. Civilians flee fighting at a united nations base in south sudan. South sudans civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require the african unions intervention to find peace and. This paper examines state land policy and conflict in four different areas in sudan. South sudan as regional pawn 2 the red sea arena 4 rebooting us policy to support conflict resolution and regional stability 5 conclusion 8 payton knopf south sudans civil war and conflict dynamics in the red sea summary the regional political and security dynamics that surround south sudans ongoing civil war.

In response, the government equipped and supported arab militiaswhich came. The finer details of how it started are unclear and accounts of the violence are often conflicting. South sudan conflict analysis brief south sudan, the worlds youngest nation, continues to struggle despite the august 2015 signature of a peace agreement. Most of the fledgling nation is in the grip of a humanitarian crisis fueled by years of chronic underdevelopment, conflict and natural disasters. The breakthrough in the north south peace process has come at a time of escalating fighting in the farflung region of darfur. Usaid has helped provide essential services to the people of south sudan, such as health care and education, built key infrastructure such as roads. Situation assessment of children and women in south sudan. The conflict has been marked by the failure of the government of the republic of south sudan. Machar denied trying to start a coup and fled to lead the splm in opposition splmio. Conflict in south kordofan and blue nile 2011 june. Conflict in south sudan and the challenges ahead congressional research service summary south sudan, which separated from sudan in 2011 after almost 40 years of civil war, was drawn into a devastating new conflict in late 20, when a political dispute that overlapped with preexisting ethnic and political fault lines turned violent. South sudans current conflict stems in large part from a longrunning competition within the elite class for power and profits. Since the eruption of the armed conflict in the south sudan, the splma leadership remained in the hands of the former chairman late dr. South sudan centre for conflict resolution ssccr peace.

It covers an area of 38,837 sq km 14,995 sq mi and is inhabited predominantly by two ethnic groups the nuer and the dinka. Tens of thousands of south sudanese have been killed and 4 million have fled their homes2 million internally displaced and 2 million as refugees in neighboring countries. A human rights report united nations mission in south sudan. The theoretical foundation of the study is the ripeness theory as proposed by william zartman in his study of conflict resolution in studies starting from the 1980s. However, some of the groups who face particula r deprivations are listed below. Learn about the civil war in south sudan, sanctions imposed by the united states and europe, and other recent developments on cfrs global conflict tracker. After almost 40 years of war between the sudan government and southern insurgents, southern sudanese voted in a january 2011 referendum to secede from sudan. South sudans conflict parties are supposed to form a unity government by 12 november. Abstract the purpose of the dissertation was to investigate similarities and differences between the current political crises in the republic of south sudan with the conflicts which had been going on within sudan for decades.

South sudan and its people continue to reel from the impacts of years of conflict, violence and limited of development investment. Role of igad in resolving the conflict in south sudan. Local warming and violent conflict in north and south sudan. Sudan and south sudans merging conflicts crisis group.

Conflict in the equatorias crisis group africa report n236, 25 may 2016 page iv to south sudans church leaders. Due to its geographic location and association with the greater upper nile region, unity is also known as western upper nile. Conflict in south sudan and the challenges ahead congressional research service 1 background south sudan emerged in 2011 as the worlds newest country, and one of its least developed. Conflict mapping, ontological security and institutionalised conflict o n 15 and 16 december 20, violence broke out in juba, south sudan, with many thousands killed. Conflict and famine in south sudan, april 26, 2017 south sudan. In fact, some attempts were made to examine the impacts of the civil war on children 21 in general and impacts on their notions and behaviors of conflict and conflict. Usaid has worked in south sudan for decades, providing lifesaving humanitarian assistance, conflict mitigation assistance, and support for key milestones of the 2005 comprehensive peace agreement, which culminated in south sudans independence. However, the government did not address impunity for widespread conflict related sexual and genderbased violence against south sudanese. The breakthrough in the northsouth peace process has come at a time of escalating fighting in the farflung region of darfur. The nexus of corruption and conflict in south sudan july 2015 2 executive summary. Behind this national scene and the description of the civil war as an opposition between the north and the south, local conflict events also multiplied within north and south sudan johnson, 2011. The northsouth conflict in historical perspective t he peoples ofsouthern sudan have suffered nearly two centuries of colonial rule under the turkoegyptian, the mahdiya, the anglo egyptian, and the postindependencenorthern regimes. However, their independence, like that of other countries in the world, came with a huge human cost following decades of intense conflict between the arab north and the nonarab south. With the south sudanese conflict in its fifth year in 2018, this paper seeks to not only examine the status of the civil war that has engulfed the youngest nation on earth but to also discuss the evolving narratives of its causes and provide policy.

Conflict profile since its independence in 1956, sudan has seen an intermittent civil war. Candidate depaul university abstract although ethnicity is a contributing factor to the ongoing crisis in south sudan, particularly after the reescalation of violence in. Since the establishment of the republic of south sudan in 2011, various interethnic conflicts have erupted. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan council. Key characteristics of the economy south sudans dependence on subsistence agriculture and food aid indicates that the countrys present economic state is extremely poor. Years of international efforts to bring an end to decades of conflict by helping to negotiate the comprehensive peace agreement cpa of 2005 and the later. Drawing on the literature on customary land tenure, state and conflict in africa, and using secondary and some. Social scientists in sudan and south sudan have also turned their critical attention to colonial administrators,10 development and humanitarian practitioners,11 lobby groups,12 and their own discipline. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan. Systemic conflict transformation a northern and a southern view. Igadplus is the proposed bridge between an african solution approach and concerted highlevel, wider international engagement. South sudan has been a country in turmoil since its formation.